Small Business Ent. 1. Investigate Performance of a...

1. Investigate performance of a selected small business enterprise. 1.1 JS furniture is a furniture manufacturing company owned by two brothers John and Smith. JS started operations in 2006 and there is a satisfactory growth in this business since then. However there are fall in turnover in some months as well. JS import wood from Asian countries and manufacture furniture. Company had been able to get massive discounts from its suppliers because of bulk buying so this had helped them to keep their cost under control. However government policies such as taxes on imports, interest rates and exchange rates have had negative impact on this business. Taxes on imports Since UK government is taxing heavily on imports from non EU countries†¦show more content†¦Since internet has a global reach J S should advertise in the internet because it will help them to increase their market share. J S should carry out a market research and find out customers needs and give offers according to their needs. If this approach is used J S can maximize its sales revenue in all the branches. 3. Revise business objectives and plans to incorporate proposed changes. 3.1 Since UK is in a economic crisis company is planning to open up at least two branches in another EU country such as France and Germany in order to increase the market share and spread the risk J S is planning to fund these new projects from their retained profits. Action plan 1st Nov 2008- Have a meeting with all the partners and discuss their opinions in order to do necessary amendments to the plan. 15th Nov 2008- Explain the workers about the new project and make them understand the benefits of this. 31st Nov 2008-Examine the new market and identify the needs of the new customers. 15th Dec 2008-Contact the suppliers and order the raw materials needed for the products. 1st Jan 2009- Open up only one new branch. 1st June 2009-Compare the actual results of the new shops with budgeted figures of the first six months if they are achieved the targets that means the company is functioningShow MoreRelatedHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 PagesTOP-TEAM POLITICS†¦page 90 WHEN YOUR CORE BUSINESS IS DYING†¦page 66 Y GE SE PA IN DS CK R M WA A 53 www.hbr.org April 2007 58 What Your Leader Expects of You Larry Bossidy 66 Finding Your Next Core Business Chris Zook 78 Promise-Based Management: The Essence of Execution Donald N. 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Evolution Of Gangs And Gang Related Activity Essay

The Evolution of Gangs in the United States Throughout history, divisions and factions have been made amongst people based on race, ethnicity, religion, territory, and several other personal factors. In most cases, people prefer to be within a group of individuals who are similar to them, rather than feel out of place. One of the easiest ways for people to remain attached to their â€Å"own kind† is for them to form special groups and bonds within certain areas, which have since been labeled as gangs. When gangs first originated they were meant to keep certain groups of people linked, because when everyone is dispersed those groups do not have as big of impact on societal functions. However, since then, gangs have changed drastically, in both their purpose and organization. Over the past five centuries, the United States has experienced a dramatic increase in gangs and gang-related activity due to technological advances among other factors, and this increase is not expected to slow down in the near future. Many different definitions for a gang exist, but according to DoSomething.org in their article, â€Å"11 Facts About Gangs,† a gang is defined as, â€Å"A group of people who claim a territory and use it to make money through illegal activities.† However, this is a modern definition of gangs, and it does not necessarily define gangs that existed in early history. Yet, some characteristics of gangs today are similar to characteristics of past gangs. For example, members of a gangShow MoreRelatedGraffiti Essay1124 Words   |  5 Pagesof this simple essay will centre on the controversy surrounding â€Å"graffiti art†Ã¢â‚¬â€is it art or simply vandalism. 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Through the process of evolution of youth crime, it is imperative that police agencies remain vigilant, proactive, and aware of how they can intervene with at-risk youth and prevent them from becoming involved in criminal activities. Seriousness and Exaggeration of Youth Crime Upon evaluation of fourRead MoreEssay about Gang Injunctions10585 Words   |  43 PagesEffectiveness and Constitutionality of Gang Injunctions Ryan Jacobsen* TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. 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Gang members are out there trying to find a family that some never had. It may not seem like much to you - an abandoned house or a park - but it becomes a place to call their own. It’s easy to say â€Å"why don’t they everRead MoreCrim 301 Literature Review Essay4188 Words   |  17 PagesJenny June 7, 2012 Abstract In recent years, the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) noticed the increase in the number of teens between the ages of nine to seventeen being involved with gangs in the United States. While most people would agree that gang membership is an individual choice, scholars believe that it is more important to shift the focus of these programs from an individual level to a community level. This literature review examines a few of the preventionRead MoreGirl Gangs and the Female Crime Wave in America Essay6758 Words   |  28 PagesStarting in the 1980s, reports of female involvement in gangs, drug sales, and violence began to surface as a serious problem in America. To support claims of increased female delinquency, reporters and scholars often cite crime statistics or anecdotes from field studies. The reasons they give to explain this female crime wave generally fall into one of two categories: drugs as a means for economic success the idea that the increased availability of crack cocaine provides economic means to poverty-ridden

English Colonies in North America (Ap Us History)

AP US History English Colonies in North America Before the seventeenth century, countries such as Portugal and Spain had controlled the rich lands of the Americas, and England was left out of the race due to religious conflict back home. However, when Queen Elizabeth came into power, England’s power also rose in the colonial game in the America. Some of the first colonies they gathered are the ones of Virginia and Carolina. They also acquired the colonies of Massachusetts Bay and Rhode Island. Pennsylvania and New York were other colonies that they gathered too. These six colonies are a part of the famous first thirteen colonies that we know of today, and their formation and purposes helped to form America into the nation it is today.†¦show more content†¦John Winthrop was a prominent figure with his formation of Boston, the â€Å"City upon the Hill.† While the colony did not have universal suffrage, all â€Å"freemen† (Puritans) had the right to vote, and that repre sented about forty percent of the population. Religious leaders then, had great power, but they weren’t allowed to hold public office, which was one of the first representations of separation of church and state. While the Puritans came to America for religious freedom, they had little regard for religious dissenters, which led to the formation of another colony, Rhode Island. Roger Williams, a minister, disliked how Puritan morality was seeping into laws and government, as well as the colonists’ treatments of natives, and because of his beliefs, was banished from Massachusetts Bay in 1635. After his banishment, he established Rhode Island, a colony built upon total freedom for all people, including the unpopular Catholics and Jews. Since Rhode Island was open to all religions, â€Å"outcasts† and refugees from Massachusetts and other colonies followed Williams to Rhode Island, leading to the colony being nicknamed â€Å"Rouge’s Island.† An uncommo n difference in Rhode Island from other colonies, was that it was self-governing, which meant little interruption from the crown back in England. This allowed Rhode Island to remain its ideals of religious freedom for all, and also to be called the â€Å"traditionalShow MoreRelatedThe French And Indian War967 Words   |  4 PagesRoderick AP US History October 20, 2014 During the French and Indian War of 1754-1763, the French and the British were competing for land throughout the Ohio Valley, the Mississippi River, and the St. Lawrence River and for trading rights in North America. Both nations saw this territory as a necessity to increase its own power and wealth while simultaneously limiting the strength of its rival. Although, after the French and Indian War the British gained all of the French land in North America. FollowingRead MoreThe Authors Of The American Pageant1950 Words   |  8 Pagesbut the first chronological period of study for the AP US History Exam is from 1491 to 1607, with the understanding that 1491 is a symbolic dates for pre-Columbian contacts in North America. As you read chapter 1, does 33,000 B.C.E., 1491, or some other date make the most sense to you as the beginning of this time period? Explain while citing relevant historical evidence. 1492 makes the correct start of the time period. Although North America was discovered by Scandinavians around 1000 CE, knowledgeRead MoreAmerica Under The Constitution Of The United States Essay1079 Words   |  5 PagesDaniel Sanders Mr. Nelson AP US History 10/18/16 Founding a Nation, 1783-1789 - The founding of the new nation brought along much promise, however, it was going to be difficult for the United States to bring together its diverse population and keep control of its vast amounts of land while simultaneously trying to create a new nation. I. America Under the Constitution A. The Articles of Confederation 1. The first ratified Constitution of the United States was the Articles of Confederation, draftedRead MoreArgumentative Essay On Columbus Day1400 Words   |  6 Pages#8577424 Argumentative Essay AP English 4B/ Jenkins October 3rd, 2017 Columbus Day: Celebrating Genocide, Rape, and Enslavement Since 1492 Columbus Day! The second Monday in October. A day celebrating Christopher Columbus, which everyone rejoices because no work! A cherished day off. However, keep in mind what we are celebrating on this day. The man who this day honors, celebrates, glorifies, is no hero. He did not discover America. He was not, in any way, a person who should be respected orRead MoreRelationship Between Humans And The Environment Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesHenry Zheng AP World History #4437 Summer Assignment 2015 Interactions Throughout History To start, historical developments throughout the world are connected across time and cultures. While these connections may be hard to find, one may understand them through the study of historical themes. There are many historical themes that can connect multiple cultures together. However, there are some themes that allow one to understand the complex connections the best: InteractionsRead MoreInternational News Coverage On Indian English Print Media Dailies Essay2485 Words   |  10 PagesInternational News Coverage in Indian English Print Media Dailies A Qualitative Content Analysis of The Times of India, The Hindu and The Indian Express Introduction India is home to one of the largest, most diverse print media sectors in the world. With a whopping 82237 newspapers registered as of 2012, out of which a staggering 11,478 are in English, the Indian media seems to be thriving and feeding an incredible number of people information every single day. 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It s presence during this critical time period of development in the United States, from the day the United States was founded and beforehand allowed for it to interweave itself in almost all aspects of America; primarily economically, politically, and socially. Slavery impacted America in numerous ways, from the political balancing act of free and slave statesRead MoreAp Quiz3155 Words   |  13 PagesAP WORLD HISTORY MRS. HEFFERNAN NAME: _____________________________________ PERIOD: _____ QUIZ: CHAPTER 16 17 MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. ______ 1) How was the global trade network of the 15th century different from that of previous eras? A) Trade prior to the 15th century was limited to the Western Hemisphere. B) In previous eras, most attention was given to the development of larger regional economiesRead MoreEssay on The Pursuit of Human Progress2821 Words   |  12 PagesHistory in textbooks today is not the same as it was several years ago. Revisionism is the support of ideas and beliefs that go against accepted ideas and try to change them in, what may be, a dishonest or incorrect way. In America, textbooks have been revised to change the way we see popular political figures and major events. Since President Johnson signed the Freedom of Information Act in 1966, Americans have been made more aware of the history of their people. Many controversial topics have

Technology And Its Impact On The Classroom - 1313 Words

Technology in the Classroom In our progressive society, we are all aware of the development of technology and the effect it has had on daily lives. People use technology as a way to communicate with each other, a form of entertainment, or as a tool to give them instant information at all times. Technology has a significant influence on many different parts of society. Concerning education, certain electronic devices such as computers, smart boards, and tablets assist the learning process for students. However, the issue of technology in education has evolved. Some claim that technology in the classroom has educational benefits, yet others believe this is simply a paradox and that technology creates problems in the classroom. This essay discusses how integrating new technologies in the classroom can be a detriment to the learning process, but also simultaneously can help with the academic achievement of young students. Despite the benefits, many believe the new use of technology can be a serious detriment to a student’s learning process because new electronic devices have been known to distract students immensely, causing a lack of imagination and short attention spans, according to Esther Dyson (192-194). The rise of technology in school curricula is a significant social problem. He argues that today’s children live in an â€Å"environment that often seems to stifle a child’s imagination rather than stimulate it.† The â€Å"over-feeding† of information causes children to easily loseShow MoreRelatedTechnology And Its Impact On The Classroom1571 Words   |  7 PagesTechnology in the school has become an increasingly challenging and somewhat disruptive aspect in today’s educational system. In order to maintain what is considered the status quo, schools have focused their energy and resources on banning cell phones, wireless Internet and blocking social net working sites like Facebook and Twitter in schools. However, as technology continues to grow in our society outside of the school, many believe that effectively involving these technologies into the classroomRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On The Classroom1277 Words   |  6 Pages Technology in Classroom Ali Boholaiga Kathrine Barrett ELI 084 Technology in Classroom Technology is all over our minds and concerns whether in regard to social impact, dependency or its use at educational institutions. It is currently the most debated issue in our modern society. Technology, it is believed, will become necessary for our survival in the future. It is the agent who will preserve the human race. The use of technology in classrooms is one example thatRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On The Classroom1601 Words   |  7 Pagespast decade, technology has transformed society and has changed many aspects of daily living. Presently, the world consists of quickly advancing technology and people competing all around the world to be considered the best. Many educators argue that the only way to continue to have control within the classroom and to have students be successful within the classroom is to properly integrate technology into the classroom. Currently, the problem in the education system is that technology is often difficultRead MoreThe Impact Of Tech nology On The Classroom2298 Words   |  10 Pagesis technology in the classroom. Per the Merriam-Webster dictionary, technology is defined as â€Å"a manner of accomplishing a task especially using technical processes, methods, or knowledge.†. Technology in the classroom started way back in the early 1980’s. Classrooms are changing every day, with the never-ending improvements of technology. Technology today is playing a large role in students’ lives, from the elementary rooms, to full computer labs. Technology hasn’t always been the technology weRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On The Classroom Essay3638 Words   |  15 Pagesand more advanced beings, has become interwoven with technology, as nearly all aspects of one’s life, whether it being at home, for leisure, at work, or in the educational sector- is entwined with elements of digitality. This notion leads one to see that the participation with technologies can be an essential aspect of one’s progression in this new contemporary society. The emergence and subsequent dominance of Information Communication Technology (ICT) in this digitally mediated world has led to theRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Classroom2018 Words   |  9 PagesThe Significance of Technology in My Classroom The impact on technology in the classroom has opened many new windows for educators. Technology can be used in various ways while working in a classroom, whether that be a first grade classroom or a class of juniors in high school. Technology can help our students widen their knowledge. When planning lessons, it is important that teachers incorporate some types of technology. When technology is used in your lessons, the students will be able to achieveRead MoreImpact Of Technology On The Classroom1921 Words   |  8 PagesTechnology in the classroom is important for teachers, parents, and students alike, because technology use has become a necessary skill for survival in today’s vastly expanding technology driven global economy. Research has shown an increase in student’s success rates when exposed to technology in the classroom. Also technology has opened lines of communication between educators and parents to keep students on track, and help teachers educate better. Since children today have become digital natives;Read MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Classroom1323 Words   |  6 PagesUpon entering a classroom in the United States the room is typically full of desks and chairs in symmetrical rows, the teacher’s desk is stacked with resources, and a considerable amount of textbooks, papers, and posters are located around the room. Among these objects there may be one or two computers, in some instances smartboards, but overall the influence of technology in the classroom is limited. This scene is practically identical to every other classroom across the country. Although societyRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Classroom1332 Words   |  6 Pageswhich technology is being developed and is becoming a part of our everyday life. One of the largest arguments with the advancing technology is whether or not it’s good for teaching and learning purposes in the classroom. From email to online classes, computers are defiantly manipulating our lives, and can enhance learning in the classroom in various ways. The growing popularity of technology emphasizes the importance for students and administrators to support and encourage computer technology in ourRead MoreThe Impact Of Technology On The Classroom Essay1586 Words   |  7 Pagesevolution of technology in education has reached an all-time high. Back to school shopping lists now require the purchase of various technologies and their accessories in place of the paper and pencils of past generations.. Technology is becoming crucial in society, it is to the point where people are hooked to their smartphones, unable to part with them even for just a hour long class. Can this addiction to technology be positively brought into the classroom? To what extent does technology become harmful

Singapore Stock Exchange

Question: Discuss about theSingapore Stock Exchange. Answer: History of Singapore Stock Exchange: The Singapore stock exchange was formed in the year, 1973 when the currency exchange between Singapore and Malaysia face a halt and thus terminated. After such termination, the stock exchange if Singapore was inaugurated independently. Later on, on 1 December, 1999, it merged or amalgamated with the Singapore International Monetary Exchange to form the Singapore Exchange. Such an amalgamation has led to the integration of Singapore domestic equity market with external markets (An empirical analysis of stock market integration). As the word Stock Exchange suggests, the Singapore stock exchange facilitates the trading in securities, derivatives and options, thereby providing a global access to the foreign investors and traders. The Singapore exchange was the first to witness a complete electronic exchange, being floorless. In the year 2000, Singapore exchange became the second exchange in the Asia Pacific to listed through public offer and private placement. Working of Singapore Stock Exchange: Singapore stock exchange offers a variety of products or indices which include bonds, warrants, equity index futures, other futures, depository receipts, etc. These products are traded via a computer screen as the medium by The Singapore stock exchange. All the operations carried out by the Singapore stock exchange are fully entertained by electronic means, and it soon became the first stock exchange in history to have incorporated a 100 percent electronic platform for the trading of securities. The Singapore stock exchange requires all its securities to be listed in either of the two groups, namely the Singapore stock exchange Main board or the Singapore stock exchange SESDAQ. The former requires the companies to fulfill all the quantitative requirements and other criteria prescribed by the Singapore stock exchange. The later has lesser legal formalities and requirements and it is the most favorable listing for new and fresh companies. The companies already listed prior can change t he group in which they are listed by drafting and application and fulfilling all such criteria as required by the Singapore Exchange. The stock exchange provides the investors and the potential investors useful information about the recent changes in exchange rates (Singh Foo Rahman). The Singapore Stock exchange has the following trading hours as per their local time: Start Time End Time Pre- open time 08:30 a.m. 08:59 a.m. Market time 09:00 a.m. 05:00 p.m. Pre- close time 05:00 p.m. 05:05 p.m. Close time 05:06 p.m. The Singapore stock exchange analyses the foreign exchange rates, interest rates and international stock exchanges rates both during the crisis period or pre/post crisis period (Determinants of Singapore stock exchange). The Singapore stock exchange anticipates the market and the demand and supply moves f the bonds, equities and derivatives and fairly estimates the probable stock price. The Singapore stock exchange also provides various other services which include securities clearing services, technological services and other data and information services. The development of the Singapore stock exchange rests on its ability and competence to attract new securities and foreign trades. The more the security base of the Singapore stock exchange, higher is the level at which the stock exchange operates (Review of Pacific basin financial markets and policies). From a recent study, it is witnessed that the domestic funds of Singapore continue to be the main source of funds invested in Sin gapores stock market. It has to continuously attract more foreign funds and listing companies, to become a regional financial centre (Rationale and strategy for expansion of Singapore Stock market). Products Offered by Singapore Stock Exchange: Some of the most featured and primary products offered by Singapore Stock Exchange include the following: Exchange traded funds (ETFs): An exchange traded fund consists of a set of stocks, commodities, futures and bonds and it acts like an investment fund, which is traded on the Singapore Stock exchange. An ETF can be transacted and traded only by authorized users. This form of investment facilitates the investor to purchase or sell such equity traded funds at its Net Asset Value at the end of each trading day. An exchange traded fund combines the valuation feature of a mutual fund with the tradability feature of a close ended fund. ETFs ensure lower transaction costs as compared to the other investment alternatives and greater tax benefits. Units of Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs): The working of a Real estate investment trust is much similar to that of a mutual fund, the similarity being the professionalism maintained in managing the funds and investing in the desired set of securities. REIT provides investors an opportunity to invest in a diversified portfolio of real estates, and ensures a regular supply of income, in the form to dividends to the investors. The dividends distributed to the investors mainly arise out of the rental incomes if such real estate has been rented and capital gains, in case these have been sold. The Singapore REIT models are combined with the Business trust models, with the objective of facilitating investment in real estate projects (The rise of Singapores Real estate investment trust market). Securities: The Singapore stock exchange is a platform wherein different Singapore companies get itself listed and then the securities, in the form of shares, bonds, debentures are then traded electronically on the exchange. Everyone who holds a share in a company can be referred to as a person who owns a part of the company. In other words, A stock represents ownership of a company, as well as a claim on the companys assets and earnings. (Singapore Stock exchange) Derivatives: The Singapore exchange also largely transacts in various derivative instruments, which include options, futures, forward contracts, swaps and many more. Some of the most dealt with derivative instruments by Singapore stock exchange are elaborated as follows: Stock index Futures: Futures can be referred to as a standardized forward contract which is traded on a stock exchange with immense liquidity, stringent margin requirements and mark to market feature. In case of futures, the Singapore stock exchange acts as a clearing house amongst the two parties and become a buyer for every seller and a seller for every buyer. Stock index futures enable a speculation of the overall market rather than a particular stock. Options: One of the major products traded at the Singapore Stock exchange is options, put options or call options. The buyer of a call option has the right but not the obligation to buy an agreed quantity of a particular commodity from its seller at a certain time in future for a certain price, which is often termed as the strike price. The owner of the put option has the right to sell an asset at a specified price on any pre determined future date. Options can either be American options or European options. Forward contracts: The Singapore stock exchange also deals in forward contracts or agreements, wherein the investor enters into a contract to borrow/ invest a specified amount of money at a specified interest rate, at a specified point of time in future for a specified period of time. Manner in Which Investment Managers Manage their Respective Portfolios: Portfolio means a combination of different securities, in which the investor invests. Investing in a portfolio of securities rather than an individual security is less risky comparatively and also fetches greater returns than an individual security. The investment managers need to carefully analyze the returns generated from the portfolio of different securities and the risk associated with such investment. Only those portfolios should be taken up, in which the expected returns are greater than the risks associated with such investment (Risk aversion, capital asset allocation, and Markowitz portfolio- selection model). The most optimum portfolio is the one which has the highest expected utility. Utility is the positive function of return and a negative function of risk. Statistically, return would be measured in terms of mean and risk will be measured in terms of variance or standard deviation. Hence, the investment managers should carefully study the risk return relationship of vari ous securities in the portfolio and eliminate those securities which have higher risks as compared to its returns. Why Singapore Stock Exchange? The Singapore stock exchange was the first to witness a complete electronic platform for trading of securities, bonds, derivatives. In the year 2000, Singapore stock exchange became the second stock exchange in the Asia Pacific to get listed through public offer and private placement. Singapores monetary system is aimed to promote price stability and provide a proper base for sustainable growth and development. Singapore companies are well renowned for their dedication to quality and such high commitment and reliability makes the Singapore stock exchange more favorable than the other stock exchanges. Also, the Singapore stock exchange operates a managed float regime for the Singapore dollar. The Singapore stock exchange accommodates all the short- term foreign exchange fluctuations and is very flexible and not rigid. Also, the interest rates in Singapore are based on the prevailing foreign exchange rates and the investors estimate of the fluctuations in Singapore dollar in the probab le future. Singapore stock exchanges are more favorable because they offer trading in securities besides trading in futures and derivatives. A complete electronic platform for trading in securities, rather than roaming around in the supermarkets is very convenient for investors as well as potential investors. References: Foo, Tee Sing and Rahman, S. Portfolio balance approach to exchange rate determination in Singapore, Singaporean Macroeconomic Issues,2, pp. 155-169. Koh, L.Y. and Wu, Y. (1998) Determinants of the Singapore Stock exchange A VAR Anlaysis, East Asian Economic Issues, pp. 107-123. Carpentier, Cecile, LHer, J.-F and Suret, J.-M (2008) Review of Pacific basin financial markets and policies, Posted online, 11(2), pp. 255-286. Sing, T.F. (2009) The rise of Singapores Real Estate Investment Trust (SREIT) market The Singapore Economic Review, 54(02), pp. 217-232. Yi, Z. (2009) An empirical analysis of stock market integration: Comparison study of Singapore and Malaysia, The Singapore Economic Review, 54(02), pp. 217-232. Wang, K. (2000) Rationale and strategy for expansion of Singapore stock market, Review of Pacific Basin financial markets and policies, 03(01), pp. 45-58. Risk aversion, capital asset allocation, and Markowitz portfolio- selection model (2012), Security analysis, portfolio management, and financial derivatives, pp. 265-311.

Project Management Methodologies Definition-Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Project Management Methodologies Definition? Answer: Introducation Definition of project methodology It is practically a set of well-set procedure or steps or principles which are required to be followed by the project management team to execute ant project with less risk, cost and schedule overrun and gain more stakeholders satisfaction throughout the life cycle of the project management(McConnell, 2010). There are mainly five types of methodologies which are the backbone of the whole project, but the project manager needs to pick the appropriate one as per the projects requirement. Role of project methodology in project management The proper choice of the type of methodology can fulfill all needs of stakeholders, creates a common media of sharing information so that whole team understands their role and projects requirement very well, always the schedule and cost estimates remain within the range. Since the procedure remains common and well known to all members, the conflicts are minimized and moreover the present ones are dealt at the very beginning stage of the project which reduces the rework and increase the productivity along with maintaining the proper quality of the product. Even due to having all pre-set procedures, the faults or lessons learnt are also documented in well manner at every stages of the project for future references and this continual improvement process continues till the end of project management life cycle. So it helps in delivering all kind of projects very effectively irrespective of its size and complexity, this way the methodologies are closely linked with the project management. The Methodologies The project methodologies are in many numbers which can be applied to the particular type of project, but majorly the methodology is divided in two categories traditional and modern techniques or approaches(Katcherovski, 2012). But the two famous and very useful but at the same time different in characteristics or approach of project management are the Waterfall and Agile project management methodology(Marcus, 2014). Waterfall Methodology(CIO, 2011): Approach: it is basically the traditional approach of project management, where all the activities are very minutely planned and are broken down to its maximum level and every stage of activities are sequenced one after another, so unless the predecessor finishes the successor stage or activity cannot start. Useful for the type of project management: this approach of project management technique is used for the projects which has very well defined scope and cost with all the resources aligned and the project team need to only track the activities for its proper completion with all quality features. Advantage: this kind of technique is very much useful as it keeps total control on the scope and the overall cost of the project. No overrun is allowed in the project by checking them at every stages of completion. Limitation: because of its tight binding character it binds the total scope and cost, but is not feasible for the project where the scope is not freeze at the beginning of the project. Agile Methodology: Approach: it is the modern approach of project management in which there is continuous changes and corrections in scope. Useful for the type of project management: it is especially useful in the people-centric projects where continuous feedback is welcomed for the further improvement of product and implementation in the project like in IT and marketing projects. Advantage: this type of approach is very much useful for the business or project which depends on the feedback or comments from experts or users. Limitation: the project where the cost or resource is the limitation this technique cannot be used else the project will fail. Even though having such differences the basic structure or the basic concept of planning and scheduling techniques is same within the stages of the project where each activity are planned according to the estimated duration and sequences. Methodologies related to project life cycle (PLC) Project life cycle has mainly four stages viz. Initiation, Planning, Execution and Closing(TenStepPM, 2017). There are various activities within the stages like developing business case, project charter; appointment of project team comes under the Initiation(Method123, 2017). Source: https://www.method123.com/project-lifecycle.php Then the preparation of various plans falls under the stage of Planning and so on in different stages. And all the stages are inter linked to each other, even they also overlap and the activities or work packages inside each stages are also properly sequenced to produce a well-defined project schedule. The above discussed methodologies can be very well be used to develop these project life cycle. References CIO. (2011, October 4). Project management methodologies: Understanding and experience will influence the method in project management. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from cio.com.au: https://www.cio.com.au/article/402904/project_management_methodologies/ Katcherovski, V. (2012, August 23). 5 Effective Project Management Methodologies and When to Use Them. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from explore.easyprojects.net: https://explore.easyprojects.net/blog/project-management-methodologies Marcus, V. (2014, January 1). Project Management Methodologies: A Beginner's Guide. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from resources.workfront.com: https://resources.workfront.com/project-management-blog/project-management-methodologies-a-beginners-guide McConnell, E. (2010, July 22). Project Management Methodology: Definition, Types, Examples. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from MyManagementGuide.com: https://www.mymanagementguide.com/basics/project-methodology-definition/ Method123. (2017). Project Management Life Cycle. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from method123.com: https://www.method123.com/project-lifecycle.php TenStepPM. (2017). A5.2 Project Management vs. Project Life Cycle. Retrieved August 9, 2017, from tensteppm.com: https://www.tensteppm.com/open/A5.2PMvsPL.html